Open Source Linux Programming Languages - Page 2
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Programming Languages for Linux
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php-src
The PHP Interpreter
This is the official source repository of PHP, a popular open-source server-side scripting language primarily used for web development. PHP powers a significant portion of the web, including platforms like WordPress, Drupal, and Laravel. The repository includes the core language engine, standard libraries, and tools for compilation and deployment across systems. -
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Carbon Language
Carbon Language's main repository
Carbon is an experimental successor to C++, developed by Google to serve as a modern, safer, and more evolvable systems programming language—designed to interoperate with C++ while providing clearer language design and tooling. Performance matching C++ using LLVM, with low-level access to bits and addresses. Interoperate with your existing C++ code, from inheritance to templates. Fast and scalable builds that work with your existing C++ build systems. -
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Swift
The Swift Programming Language
Swift is a high-performance, general-purpose programming language built with a modern approach to safety, performance, and software design patterns. With a clean and modern syntax, it offers seamless access to existing C and Objective-C code and frameworks. Swift makes it easy to write software that is incredibly fast and safe by design. It comes packaged with core features like flow control, data structures and functions, with high-level constructs like objects, protocols, closures, and generics. Its many features make it a language that is powerful, yet fun to use. It’s no wonder that Swift has quickly become one of the fastest growing languages in history. -
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ArnoldC
Arnold Schwarzenegger based programming language
ArnoldC is a programming language built as a joke language, where the entire syntax is based on quotes from Arnold Schwarzenegger movies. Instead of conventional keywords and operators, it uses memorable movie lines to represent programming constructs like conditionals, loops, and functions. For example, “IT’S SHOWTIME” starts the main method, “TALK TO THE HAND” represents output, and “I’LL BE BACK” denotes a return statement. While humorous in nature, the language is fully functional and can be used to write real programs, showcasing how flexible compiler and interpreter design can be. The project is a playful experiment in esoteric programming languages, intended to entertain developers while also serving as an example of how language parsing and compilation can work with unconventional syntax. It demonstrates the overlap between pop culture and software development, turning famous lines into executable logic. -
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GritQL
GritQL is a query language for searching, linting, and modifying code
GritQL is a query language designed to facilitate human-AI collaboration by providing an intuitive interface for querying and retrieving structured data. It acts as a bridge between AI models and databases, enabling natural language interaction with structured data sources. -
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Solidity
The Smart Contract Programming Language
Solidity is a statically-typed curly-braces programming language designed for developing smart contracts that run on Ethereum. Solidity 0.8.4 adds custom structured errors, allows more flexible configuration of the SMTChecker and fixes a bug in the Solidity ABI decoder v2. Read more about the bug here. With v0.8.4, errors can be defined inside and outside of contracts (including interfaces and libraries). This provides a convenient and gas-efficient way to explain to users why an operation failed. As a relatively young language, Solidity is advancing at a rapid speed. We aim for a regular (non-breaking) release every 2-3 weeks, with approximately two breaking releases per year. You can follow the implementation status of new features in the Solidity Github project. You can see the upcoming changes for the next breaking release by switching from the default branch (develop) to the breaking branch. -
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YueScript
A Moonscript dialect compiles to Lua
A language that compiles to Lua. Yuescript is a Moonscript dialect. It is derived from Moonscript language 0.5.0 and continuously adopts new features to be more up-to-date. Moonscript is a language that compiles Lua. Since the original Moonscript has been used to write web framework lapis and run a few business websites like itch.io and streak.club with some large code bases. The original language is getting too hard to adopt new features for those that may break the stability of existing applications. So Yuescript is a new code base for pushing the language to go forward and being a playground to try introducing new language syntax or programming paradigms to make Moonscript language more expressive and productive. -
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mruby
Lightweight Ruby
mruby is a lightweight implementation of the Ruby programming language designed for embedding and integration into applications, particularly in resource-constrained environments such as embedded systems or game engines. It maintains compatibility with modern Ruby syntax while offering a significantly reduced footprint compared to the standard Ruby interpreter. The system includes its own virtual machine, bytecode compiler, and interactive shell, enabling developers to write, compile, and execute Ruby code efficiently. One of its core strengths is its embeddability, allowing developers to integrate scripting capabilities directly into applications written in C or C++. mruby also includes a package system called mrbgems, which enables modular extension of functionality through additional libraries. It supports compiling Ruby scripts into bytecode or even C source code, providing flexibility for deployment in different environments. -
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Seed7
Interpreter and compiler for the Seed7 programming language.
Interpreter, compiler, libraries, documentation and examples for the Seed7 programming language. Seed7 is a general purpose programming language. It is a higher level language compared to Ada, C/C++ and Java. In Seed7 new statements and operators can be declared easily. Functions with type results and type parameters are more elegant than a template or generics concept. Object orientation is used where it brings advantages and not in places where other solutions are more obvious. Seed7 spares no effort to support portable programming. Several driver libraries assure that the access to operating system resources such as files, directories, network, clock, keyboard, console and graphics are done in a portable way. Although Seed7 contains several concepts from other programming languages, it is generally not considered a direct descendant of any other programming language. -
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ELENA Programming Language
an object-oriented language with late binding
ELENA is a general-purpose, pure object-oriented language with late binding. It promotes more object-oriented program design, reusable and more standardized code. The package includes compiler, IDE, ELENA libraries and samples -
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AssemblyScript
A TypeScript-like language for WebAssembly
AssemblyScript is a TypeScript-like programming language specifically designed to compile into WebAssembly, enabling developers to write high-performance code using familiar JavaScript syntax. It introduces static typing and low-level control while maintaining compatibility with existing JavaScript tooling and workflows. The language is optimized for generating efficient and compact WebAssembly modules, making it suitable for performance-critical applications in both browser and server environments. Its design bridges the gap between high-level scripting and low-level execution, allowing developers to achieve near-native performance without switching to languages like C or Rust. AssemblyScript integrates with the WebAssembly ecosystem, enabling seamless interaction with JavaScript through standard APIs. It is widely used in scenarios where performance and portability are essential, such as gaming, data processing, and edge computing. -
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Carp
A functional, systems programming language with linear types
Carp is a statically typed, functional programming language designed for real-time and systems programming. It features a Lisp-like syntax, strong compile-time checks, and linear type semantics that ensure memory safety without a garbage collector. Carp targets C as its backend, generating performant and predictable native code while offering functional abstractions and interactive development via REPL. -
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Halide
A language for fast, portable data-parallel computation
Halide is a programming language for fast, portable data-parallel computation. It was designed to make writing high-performance image and array processing code much easier on modern machines. It works on all major operating systems and with several CPU architectures (X86, ARM, MIPS, Hexagon, PowerPC) and GPU Compute APIs (CUDA, OpenCL, OpenGL, among others). It isn't a standalone programming language however; rather it is embedded in C++ which means that you write C++ code, building an in-memory representation of a Halide pipeline using Halide's C++ API. This representation can then be compiled to an object file, or a JIT-compile and run in the same process. Halide also comes with a Python binding, allowing the writing of Halide embedded in Python without C++. -
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PureScript
A strongly-typed language that compiles to JavaScript
Compile to readable JavaScript and reuse existing JavaScript code easily. An extensive collection of libraries for development of web applications, web servers, apps and more. Excellent tooling and editor support with instant rebuilds. An active community with many learning resources. Build real-world applications using functional techniques and expressive types, such as: Algebraic data types and pattern matching. Row polymorphism and extensible records. Higher kinded types and type classes with functional dependencies, as well as higher-rank polymorphism. Precompiled binaries are available for OSX, Linux, and Windows. The Pursuit package database hosts searchable documentation for PureScript packages. The recommended build tool for PureScript is Spago, which can be installed using npm. -
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Triton
Development repository for the Triton language and compiler
Triton is a programming language and compiler framework specifically designed for writing highly efficient custom deep learning operations, particularly for GPUs. It aims to bridge the gap between low-level GPU programming, such as CUDA, and higher-level abstractions by providing a more productive and flexible environment for developers. Triton enables users to write optimized kernels for machine learning workloads while maintaining readability and control over performance-critical aspects like memory access patterns and parallel execution. The project leverages LLVM and MLIR to compile code into efficient GPU instructions, supporting both NVIDIA and AMD hardware. It is widely used in research and production environments where custom tensor operations are required, offering both high performance and developer-friendly syntax. -
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Agena
Agena is an interpreted procedural programming language.
Agena is an easy-to-learn procedural programming language designed for science, scripting, and many other applications. Binaries are available for Windows, Linux, Solaris, OS/2, Mac OS X, Raspberry Pi and DOS. -
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Agda
Agda is a dependently typed programming language
Agda is a dependently typed, total functional programming language and interactive theorem prover based on Martin-Löf’s type theory. It allows expressing programs and proofs in the same language, using the Curry–Howard correspondence. It features interactive development via Emacs, Atom, or VS Code. Agda is a dependently typed functional programming language. It has inductive families, i.e., data types which depend on values, such as the type of vectors of a given length. It also has parametrised modules, mixfix operators, Unicode characters, and an interactive Emacs interface which can assist the programmer in writing the program. Agda is a proof assistant. It is an interactive system for writing and checking proofs. Agda is based on intuitionistic type theory, a foundational system for constructive mathematics developed by the Swedish logician Per Martin-Löf. It has many similarities with other proof assistants based on dependent types, such as Coq, Epigram, Matita and NuPRL. -
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Faust
Functional programming language for signal processing
Faust (Functional Audio Stream) is a functional programming language for sound synthesis and audio processing with a strong focus on the design of synthesizers, musical instruments, audio effects, etc. Faust targets high-performance signal processing applications and audio plug-ins for a variety of platforms and standards. The core component of Faust is its compiler. It allows to "translate" any Faust digital signal processing (DSP) specification to a wide range of non-domain specific languages such as C++, C, LLVM bit code, WebAssembly, Rust, etc. In this regard, Faust can be seen as an alternative to C++ but is much simpler and more intuitive to learn. Thanks to a wrapping system called "architectures," codes generated by Faust can be easily compiled into a wide variety of objects ranging from audio plug-ins to standalone applications or smartphone and web apps, etc. -
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Hy
A dialect of Lisp that's embedded in Python
Hy is a multi-paradigm general-purpose programming language in the Lisp family. It’s implemented as a kind of alternative syntax for Python. Compared to Python, Hy offers a variety of extra features, generalizations, and syntactic simplifications, as would be expected of a Lisp. Compared to other Lisps, Hy provides direct access to Python’s built-ins and third-party Python libraries, while allowing you to freely mix imperative, functional, and object-oriented styles of programming. The first thing a Python programmer will notice about Hy is that it has Lisp’s traditional parenthesis-heavy prefix syntax in place of Python’s C-like infix syntax. As in other Lisps, the value of a simplistic syntax is that it facilitates Lisp’s signature feature, metaprogramming through macros, which are functions that manipulate code objects at compile-time to produce new code objects, which are then executed as if they had been part of the original code. -
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Perl 5
The Perl programming language
This repository contains the reference implementation of the Perl 5 programming language, including the interpreter, core modules, build system, and an extensive test suite. Perl 5 is a multi-paradigm language renowned for powerful text processing, rich regular expressions, and pragmatic glue code across systems. The core distribution is highly portable, building on Unix, Linux, Windows, and many other platforms, with stable release cycles and careful back-compatibility. A C API (XS) and embedding APIs allow tight integration with native libraries and host applications, while the CPAN ecosystem supplies hundreds of thousands of reusable modules. Development emphasizes robust tests (t/), meticulous changelogs, and tooling like perldoc to keep the language approachable and dependable. In practice, Perl 5 remains a workhorse for sysadmin automation, data munging, web services, and any task where flexible, expressive text handling is paramount. -
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RaptorJIT
A dynamic language for system programming (LuaJIT fork)
RaptorJIT is a Lua implementation suitable for high-performance low-level system programming. If you want to use a simple dynamic language to write a network stack; a hypervisor; a unikernel; a database; etc, then you have come to the right place. -
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Ravi Programming Language
Ravi is a dialect of Lua, featuring limited optional static typing
Ravi Programming Language is a derivative of Lua 5.3 with limited optional static typing and MIR-based JIT compiler. Ravi is a derivative/dialect of Lua with limited optional static typing and JIT/AOT compilers. The name Ravi comes from the Sanskrit word for the Sun. Lua is perfect as a small embeddable dynamic language so why a derivative? Ravi extends Lua with static typing for greater performance under JIT compilation. However, static typing is optional and therefore Lua 5.3 programs are also valid Ravi programs. There are other attempts to add static typing to Lua (e.g. Typed Lua but these efforts are mostly about adding static type checks in the language while leaving the VM unmodified. So the static typing is to aid programming in the large - the code is eventually translated to standard Lua and executed in the unmodified Lua VM. -
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Rust Programming Language
Empowering everyone to build reliable and efficient software
The Rust Programming Language is a language that empowers you to build reliable and efficient software. It runs blazingly fast and is memory-efficient, so it can power performance-critical services and run on embedded devices. It has a rich type system and ownership model, ensuring both thread and memory safety. Consisting of a standard library, great documentation and a friendly compiler, plus a top-notch build tool, package manager, auto-formatter and many other great tools, it’s the language of choice for increased productivity. Hundreds of companies the world over are using Rust to power an amazing range of cross-platform solutions. See what a great fit Rust can be for your own projects! -
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SpinalHDL
Scala based HDL
SpinalHDL is a hardware description (HDL) framework embedded in Scala, enabling hardware designers to build digital circuits with modern programming abstractions. Instead of writing in Verilog or VHDL directly, users describe hardware components and their interconnects using Scala code and Spinal’s domain-specific library, which then emits synthesizable hardware (e.g. as Verilog). Because SpinalHDL is embedded in Scala, it allows reuse of functional abstractions, parameterization, modular composition, and higher-level constructs to manage complexity. It supports building systems at various levels—single modules, pipelines, memories, controllers, etc.—while letting the designer control timing, pipelining, and resource sharing explicitly. The generated hardware can be synthesized for FPGAs or ASIC flows, making it practical for real designs. -
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SuperCollider
Audio server, programming language, and IDE for sound synthesis
SuperCollider is a platform for audio synthesis and algorithmic composition, used by musicians, artists, and researchers working with sound. It is free and open source software available for Windows, macOS, and Linux. scsynth, a real-time audio server, forms the core of the platform. It features 400+ unit generators (“UGens”) for analysis, synthesis, and processing. Its granularity allows the fluid combination of many known and unknown audio techniques, moving between additive and subtractive synthesis, FM, granular synthesis, FFT, and physical modeling. You can write your own UGens in C++, and users have already contributed several hundred more to the sc3-plugins repository. sclang, an interpreted programming language. It is focused on sound, but not limited to any specific domain. sclang controls scsynth via Open Sound Control. You can use it for algorithmic composition and sequencing, finding new sound synthesis methods, connecting your app to external hardware.
